不銹鋼(gang)精密鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)或稱(cheng)熔模(mo)精密鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao),硅溶膠工(gong)(gong)藝。是一種(zhong)(zhong)少切削(xue)或無(wu)切削(xue)的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)藝,是鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)行業中的(de)一項優異的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)術,其(qi)(qi)應用非常廣泛,不僅適用于各種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)型、各種(zhong)(zhong)合金的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao),而且生產出的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件尺寸精度、表面質量比其(qi)(qi)它鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)方法(fa)要(yao)高,甚(shen)至其(qi)(qi)它鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)方法(fa)難于鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)得(de)的(de)復(fu)雜(za)、耐高溫、不易于加工(gong)(gong)的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件,均可采用熔模(mo)精密鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)得(de)。
所謂熔(rong)(rong)模鑄(zhu)造工藝,簡單說(shuo)就是用(yong)易(yi)熔(rong)(rong)材(cai)料(liao)(例如(ru)蠟料(liao)或(huo)(huo)塑(su)料(liao))制成可熔(rong)(rong)性(xing)模型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(簡稱(cheng)熔(rong)(rong)模或(huo)(huo)模型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)),在(zai)其上涂覆若干(gan)層(ceng)特(te)制的(de)耐火涂料(liao),經(jing)(jing)過干(gan)燥和硬化形成一個整體型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼后(hou),再用(yong)蒸汽或(huo)(huo)熱水(shui)從型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼中(zhong)熔(rong)(rong)掉模型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),然后(hou)把型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼置于砂箱中(zhong),在(zai)其四周填充干(gan)砂造型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),最后(hou)將鑄(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)放入焙(bei)燒爐中(zhong)經(jing)(jing)過高(gao)溫焙(bei)燒(如(ru)采用(yong)高(gao)強度型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼時,可不必造型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而將脫模后(hou)的(de)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼直接焙(bei)燒),鑄(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)殼經(jing)(jing)焙(bei)燒后(hou),于其中(zhong)澆注(zhu)熔(rong)(rong)融金屬而得到鑄(zhu)件(jian)。
熔(rong)模鑄(zhu)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)精(jing)度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao),一般可達CT4-6(砂型鑄(zhu)造(zao)為(wei)CT10~13,壓(ya)鑄(zhu)為(wei)CT5~7),當然由于熔(rong)模鑄(zhu)造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝過(guo)程復雜(za),影響鑄(zhu)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)精(jing)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo),例如模料的(de)(de)(de)(de)收縮(suo)、熔(rong)模的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)、型殼在加熱和冷卻過(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)線量(liang)變(bian)化、合(he)金的(de)(de)(de)(de)收縮(suo)率以及在凝固(gu)過(guo)程中鑄(zhu)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)等,所以普通(tong)熔(rong)模鑄(zhu)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)精(jing)度(du)(du)雖然較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao),但(dan)其一致性(xing)仍需提高(gao)(gao)(采(cai)用中、高(gao)(gao)溫蠟料的(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄(zhu)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)一致性(xing)要(yao)提高(gao)(gao)很多(duo))。
壓(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)熔模時,采用型腔表面(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度高的(de)(de)壓(ya)型,因此,熔模的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度也比較高。此外,型殼由耐高溫的(de)(de)特(te)殊粘結劑和耐火材料配制(zhi)(zhi)成的(de)(de)耐火涂(tu)料涂(tu)掛(gua)在熔模上而制(zhi)(zhi)成,與熔融金屬直接接觸的(de)(de)型腔內表面(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度高。所以,熔模鑄件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度比一般鑄造件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)高,一般可達Ra.1.6~3.2μm。
熔(rong)(rong)模鑄造最大(da)(da)的(de)優點(dian)就是(shi)由于(yu)熔(rong)(rong)模鑄件(jian)有著(zhu)很高的(de)尺寸精度和(he)表(biao)面光(guang)潔(jie)度,所(suo)以(yi)可(ke)減少機(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)作,只是(shi)在(zai)零件(jian)上要求較高的(de)部位留少許加(jia)工(gong)余量(liang)(liang)即(ji)可(ke),甚(shen)至某(mou)些鑄件(jian)只留打磨、拋(pao)光(guang)余量(liang)(liang),不必機(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)即(ji)可(ke)使(shi)用。由此可(ke)見,采用熔(rong)(rong)模鑄造方法可(ke)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)節省機(ji)床設備和(he)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)時(shi),大(da)(da)幅(fu)度節約金屬原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)。
熔模鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)方法的另一優點(dian)是,它可以鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)各種合(he)金的復雜的鑄件(jian),特別可以鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)高溫合(he)金鑄件(jian)。如(ru)噴氣式發動機(ji)的葉(xie)片,其流線(xian)型(xing)外廓與冷卻用(yong)內(nei)腔,用(yong)機(ji)械加工工藝幾乎無法形成。用(yong)熔模鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)工藝生產(chan)不(bu)僅可以做到批量生產(chan),保(bao)證了鑄件(jian)的一致性,而且(qie)避免了機(ji)械加工后殘留刀紋的應力集中(zhong)。
不銹鋼(gang)精密零件加(jia)工廠
微信號
小程序
公眾號
聯系人:周(zhou)先生
電 話:186 6490 3925
地 址:廣東(dong)省東(dong)莞市大嶺山鎮顏屋路南四巷5號
周先生
微信二維碼
手機網站