數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是指用數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。CNC指數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)由(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)語(yu)言進(jin)行編程控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制，通常為G代碼。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)G代碼語(yu)言告訴數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)采用何種 笛卡爾位置坐標，并(bing)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制刀(dao)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)給(gei)速度和(he)主軸轉(zhuan)速，以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)變換器、冷卻劑(ji)等功(gong)能。 數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相(xiang)對(dui)手動加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)優勢，如數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生產出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)非(fei)常精確并(bing)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)重復(fu)性;數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)可(ke)以生產手動加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)無(wu)法完成的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)復(fu)雜外形的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術現已普(pu)遍推(tui)廣，大多數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車(che)間(jian)都具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力，典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車(che)間(jian)中(zhong)最常見的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式有(you)(you)(you)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)銑、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)和(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)EDM線切割(電(dian)火(huo)花線切 割)。

　　進(jin)行(xing)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)銑(xian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)具叫做數(shu)(shu)控(kong)銑(xian)床或數(shu)(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心(xin)。進(jin)行(xing)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)削加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)車(che)床叫做數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)工(gong)(gong)中心(xin)。 數(shu)(shu)控(kong)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)G代碼可以人(ren)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)程(cheng)，但通常(chang)機(ji)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)車(che)間用CAM(計算機(ji)輔助制造)軟件(jian)自動(dong)讀取CAD(計算機(ji)輔助設計)文(wen)件(jian)并生成(cheng)G代碼程(cheng)序，對(dui)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床進(jin)行(xing)控(kong)制 。

　　數控車(che)床進給加(jia)工路線指車(che)刀(dao)從(cong)對刀(dao)點(dian)(或機床固定原點(dian))開始運動起(qi)，直至返回該點(dian)并結束加(jia)工程序所(suo)經過的路徑，包括(kuo)切削加(jia)工的路徑及刀(dao)具切入、切出等(deng)非切削空行程路徑。

　　精加工的(de)進(jin)給路線(xian)基本上都(dou)是沿其零件(jian)輪廓順序進(jin)行的(de)，因(yin)此，確定進(jin)給路線(xian)的(de)工作重點(dian)是確定粗加工及空行程的(de)進(jin)給路線(xian)。

　　在數控車床(chuang)加工中，加工路線(xian)的確定一般要遵循以下(xia)幾方面原則(ze)。

　　①應(ying)能保(bao)證被加工(gong)工(gong)件的精度和表(biao)面粗糙度。

　　②使加工路線(xian)最短(duan)，減少空行程時(shi)間，提高(gao)加工效率。

　　③盡量簡(jian)化數值計算(suan)的工作量，簡(jian)化加工程序。

　　④對于某些重(zhong)復使用的程(cheng)(cheng)序，應使用子程(cheng)(cheng)序 。