數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)指用數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)進行的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。CNC指數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機床(chuang)由數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)語言進行編程控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制，通常為G代碼(ma)。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)G代碼(ma)語言告訴數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)采用何種 笛卡爾位置坐標，并控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)進給(gei)速(su)度和主(zhu)軸(zhou)轉速(su)，以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)變換器、冷卻劑等(deng)功能。 數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相對手(shou)動加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)有很大(da)的(de)(de)優勢，如數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)出的(de)(de)零(ling)件非常精確并具(ju)(ju)有可重復性(xing);數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)可以(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)手(shou)動加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)無法完成的(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)有復雜外形的(de)(de)零(ling)件。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術現(xian)已普遍推廣，大(da)多數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)機加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車(che)間(jian)都具(ju)(ju)有數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力，典型的(de)(de)機加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車(che)間(jian)中最常見(jian)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式有數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)銑、數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)和數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)EDM線(xian)切割(電火花線(xian)切 割)。

　　進(jin)行數控(kong)(kong)銑的工(gong)具叫(jiao)(jiao)做數控(kong)(kong)銑床(chuang)或數控(kong)(kong)加工(gong)中(zhong)心。進(jin)行數控(kong)(kong)車削加工(gong)的車床(chuang)叫(jiao)(jiao)做數控(kong)(kong)車工(gong)中(zhong)心。 數控(kong)(kong)加工(gong)G代碼(ma)(ma)可以人工(gong)編程，但通常機(ji)(ji)(ji)加工(gong)車間用CAM(計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)輔助制(zhi)造(zao))軟件自動讀取(qu)CAD(計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)輔助設計)文件并生(sheng)成G代碼(ma)(ma)程序，對數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)進(jin)行控(kong)(kong)制(zhi) 。

　　數控車床進給加(jia)(jia)工路(lu)(lu)線指(zhi)車刀(dao)從對刀(dao)點(或機床固定原點)開(kai)始(shi)運動起，直(zhi)至返回該點并(bing)結束加(jia)(jia)工程序所經過(guo)的路(lu)(lu)徑(jing)，包括切(qie)削加(jia)(jia)工的路(lu)(lu)徑(jing)及(ji)刀(dao)具切(qie)入、切(qie)出等非切(qie)削空行程路(lu)(lu)徑(jing)。

　　精加(jia)工(gong)的進給路(lu)線(xian)基本上(shang)都是(shi)沿其(qi)零件輪廓順序(xu)進行的，因此，確定進給路(lu)線(xian)的工(gong)作重點是(shi)確定粗(cu)加(jia)工(gong)及空(kong)行程的進給路(lu)線(xian)。

　　在數控車床(chuang)加工中，加工路線的確定一般要遵循以下幾(ji)方面原則。

　　①應能保證被加工(gong)工(gong)件的精度和表面粗糙度。

　　②使加工路(lu)線最短，減(jian)少(shao)空行程時間，提高加工效率。

　　③盡量(liang)簡化數值(zhi)計算(suan)的工作量(liang)，簡化加工程序。

　　④對(dui)于某些重(zhong)復使(shi)用的程序(xu)，應使(shi)用子(zi)程序(xu) 。