數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是指(zhi)用數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具進行的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。CNC指(zhi)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床由數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)語言(yan)進行編程控(kong)(kong)(kong)制，通常(chang)(chang)為G代碼(ma)。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)G代碼(ma)語言(yan)告訴數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)刀(dao)具采用何種(zhong) 笛卡爾位(wei)置坐標，并控(kong)(kong)(kong)制刀(dao)具的(de)進給(gei)速(su)度和(he)主軸轉速(su)，以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具變換器、冷(leng)卻(que)劑(ji)等(deng)功能。 數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相(xiang)對(dui)手動加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具有(you)很大的(de)優勢，如數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生產出的(de)零件非常(chang)(chang)精(jing)確并具有(you)可重復性;數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)可以生產手動加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)無(wu)法完成的(de)具有(you)復雜外形的(de)零件。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術現(xian)已(yi)普遍(bian)推廣(guang)，大多數(shu)(shu)的(de)機(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車間(jian)都具有(you)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能力，典(dian)型的(de)機(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車間(jian)中最常(chang)(chang)見的(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式(shi)有(you)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑、數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車和(he)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)EDM線切割(電火花線切 割)。

　　進行(xing)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑(xian)(xian)的(de)工(gong)具叫做數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑(xian)(xian)床或數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加工(gong)中心。進行(xing)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)削(xue)加工(gong)的(de)車(che)床叫做數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)工(gong)中心。 數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)加工(gong)G代碼可以(yi)人(ren)工(gong)編程，但通常機(ji)加工(gong)車(che)間用CAM(計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)輔(fu)助(zhu)制造)軟件自動讀取CAD(計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)輔(fu)助(zhu)設計(ji))文件并生成G代碼程序，對(dui)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床進行(xing)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制 。

　　數控(kong)車(che)床進(jin)給加(jia)工(gong)路線指車(che)刀(dao)從對刀(dao)點(或機床固定(ding)原(yuan)點)開始(shi)運(yun)動起(qi)，直至返回該點并(bing)結束加(jia)工(gong)程序所經過的(de)路徑，包(bao)括(kuo)切(qie)削(xue)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)路徑及刀(dao)具(ju)切(qie)入、切(qie)出等(deng)非(fei)切(qie)削(xue)空行程路徑。

　　精加工(gong)的(de)進給(gei)路線基(ji)本上都是沿其(qi)零件輪(lun)廓順序進行的(de)，因此(ci)，確定進給(gei)路線的(de)工(gong)作重點是確定粗加工(gong)及空行程的(de)進給(gei)路線。

　　在數控車床(chuang)加(jia)工中，加(jia)工路(lu)線的確定一(yi)般要遵循以下幾(ji)方面原則。

　　①應能保證被加工工件的精度和表(biao)面粗糙(cao)度。

　　②使加(jia)工(gong)路線最短(duan)，減少(shao)空行程時間，提高加(jia)工(gong)效率。

　　③盡量(liang)(liang)簡化數值(zhi)計算的工作量(liang)(liang)，簡化加工程序(xu)。

　　④對(dui)于某些重復(fu)使用(yong)的程序，應使用(yong)子程序 。